Phonons are sound particles or quantized vibrations of atoms in solid materials. The Debye model, a theory introduced by physicist Peter Debye in 1912, describes the contribution of phonons to the ...

A study led by researchers from the University of Turku in Finland has discovered phosphorus and fluorine in solid dust particles that were collected from a comet. Scientists on the project say that ...

In A Nutshell Scientists discovered a previously unknown form of mixing that occurs when large groups of dense particles ...

Introduction Have you ever heard the expression, "solid as a rock"? As it turns out, rocks are not entirely solid. Rocks actually have tiny pockets of air inside them. This is obvious when you look at ...

When we take a look at some of the greatest unsolved problems in theoretical physics today, there's something many of them have in common. According to the known particles and interactions, there ...

Solids, liquids and gases. In a solid like this brick, the particles are regularly arranged touching their neighbours and move only by vibrating. This explains why solids have a fixed shape. In a ...

Forbes contributors publish independent expert analyses and insights. The Universe is out there, waiting for you to discover it. The Universe, at a fundamental level, is made up of just a few ...